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Acute and Chronic Pain Management :
Chronic pain is a long-lasting pain. While acute pain always has an underlying diagnosable and treatable cause, chronic pain can be caused by an issue with the way your body sends pain signals. It can also outlast the condition that caused it in the first place, resulting in pain for years, decades, or more if left untreated.
causes :
- Migraines
- Fibromyalgia
- Arthritis
- Cancer
Procedure :
- Nerve blocks
- Radiofrequency ablation
- Pain injections
- Pain injections
Regenerative Medicine :
Regenerative medicine focuses on the body’s ability to heal itself when given the proper resources.
Whether the body needs new tissue to replace dying tissue, stem cells to convert to healthy cells to combat disease, or a replacement organ, regenerative medicine can deliver.
In other words, regenerative medicine makes up for shortages in the body by introducing healthy, living cells, tissues, bones, and organs. This way, the body has the foundation it needs to build better health.
uses :
- Cardiovascular tissue repair
- Brain injury tissue repair
- Immune system improvement
- Cell therapy
Types :
- Tissue engineering and biomaterials
- Cellular therapies
- Medical devices and artificial organs
Sports-related injuries :
Sports injuries alludes to a wide category of injuries in different parts of the body, which can be caused because of strenuous exercises, like sports. There are certain body parts that are more inclined to harm from sports injuries. The following are the main 8 most common types of sports injuries. The main three classes (Runner’s Knee, Shoulder Injury, and Ankle Sprain) include over 80% of all sports injuries.
Types :
- Sprains
- Strains
- Swollen muscles
- Knee injuries
Procedure :
- Ankle and Foot Injury Procedure
- Hand and Wrist Injury Procedure
- Head Injury Procedure
- Hip Injury Procedure
CANCER PAIN :
Most of the cancer pain is brought about by the tumor pressing on bones, nerves or different organs in your body. In some cases, pain is identified with your cancer Procedure . For instance, some chemotherapy medications can cause drugs and shivering in your hands and feet or a burning sensation at where they are infused. Radiotherapy can cause skin redness and irritation. Cancer Pain can be acute or chronic. Acute pain is because of damage brought about by a physical issue and tends to only a short time frame. Chronic pain is pain brought about by changes to nerves.
Types :
- Acute pain
- Chronic pain
- Breakthrough pain
- Nerve pain
- Bone pain
Procedure :
- Oral drugs
- Oral morphine Procedure
- Psychological and lifestyle counselling
- Fentanyl patches
Chronic headaches/ Occipital Neuralgia:
Occipital neuralgia is a condition in which the nerves that run from the top of the spinal cord up through the scalp, called the occipital nerves, are inflamed or injured. You might feel pain in the back of your head or the base of your skull. People can confuse it with a migraine or other types of headache, because the symptoms can be similar. But Procedure for those conditions are very different.
Symptoms :
- Aching, burning, and throbbing pain
- Pain on one or both sides of the head
- Pain behind the eye
- Sensitivity to light
Causes :
- Trauma to the back of the head
- Neck tension or tight neck muscles
- Osteoarthritis
- Tumors in the neck
- Cervical disc disease
Back Pain :
Back pain might resolve on its own with proper home care, come and go, or get worse over time. Back pain is a common reason for absence from work and for seeking medical Procedure . It can be uncomfortable and debilitating. It can result from injury, activity and some medical conditions. Back pain can affect people of any age, for different reasons. As people get older, the chance of developing Trusted Source lower back pain increases, due to factors such as previous occupation and degenerative disk disease.
causes :
- Ruptured or bulging discs
- Ligament or muscle strains
- Arthritis
- Osteoporosis
- Skeletal irregularities
Procedure :
- Cold packs and heating pads
- Stretching exercises
- Physical therapy
- Surgery
- Traction
Neck pain :
Neck pain is pain in or around the spine beneath your head, known as the cervical spine. Neck pain is a common symptom of many different injuries and medical conditions. You might have axial neck pain (felt mostly in the neck) or radicular neck pain (pain shoots into other areas such as the shoulders or arms). It can be acute (lasting from days to up to 6 weeks) or chronic (lasts longer than 3 months to years). Neck pain can interfere with daily activities and reduce your quality of life if left untreated.
Symptoms :
- Stiff neck
- Sharp pain
- Pain when moving
- Radiating pain or numbness
- Headache
- Pain when palpated
Causes :
- Aging
- Injury
- Mental stress
- Physical strain
- Conditions that affect spinal balance
Neuropathy :
Neuropathy, also called peripheral neuropathy, is a condition that affects the functioning of the nerves in your body’s peripheral nervous system. These are the nerves that run from your central nervous system out to control your arms, legs, hands, feet, and more. When these nerves don’t work the way they should, they impact your life in a variety of ways. You might lose motor skills or sensation, or you might feel pain in your extremities. Pain from neuropathy often feels like burning, tingling, or stabbing. If you often feel prickling sensations in your extremities or experience weakness, loss of muscular control, or sensitivity in your arms or legs, you could be living with neuropathy.
causes :
- Autoimmune diseases
- Diabetes
- Infections
- Inherited disorders
- Tumors
- Bone marrow disorders
Procedure :
- Tingling
- Numbness
- Loss of sensation in the arms and legs
- A burning sensation in the feet or hands
Knee pain :
Knee pain is a common complaint that affects people of all ages. Knee pain may be the result of an injury, such as a ruptured ligament or torn cartilage. Medical conditions , including arthritis, gout and infections, also can cause knee pain. Many types of minor knee pain respond well to self-care measures. Physical therapy and knee braces also can help relieve pain. In some cases, however, your knee may require surgical repair.
Symptoms :
- Swelling and stiffness
- Redness and warmth to the touch
- Weakness or instability
- Popping or crunching noises
- Inability to fully straighten the knee
Causes :
- Osteoarthritis
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Ligament injuries
- Tendon injuries
- Cartilage injuries and disorders
- Broken kneecap
Shoulder Pain :
Shoulder pain can stem from any number of issues, from a problem with the ball-and-socket joint within your shoulder to muscle strain. The leading cause of shoulder pain is rotator cuff tendonitis, or swelling and irritation in the four tendons that give your shoulder its range of motion. Sreyas Hospital works with you to identify the root of your specific shoulder pain so they can deliver targeted, effective Procedure .
causes :
- A pinched nerve
- Torn cartilage
- An overuse injury
- Born spurs
- Arthritis
Symptoms :
- Warmth or redness in your shoulder
- Neck pain, arm pain, or back pain
- Muscle stiffness and weakness
- Limited range of motion
Hip Pain :
Your hip is a ball and socket joint where your upper thigh bone connects to your pelvis. Hip pain occurs near one or both hip joints, your upper thigh area, groin, or outer buttocks. It’s a common condition, especially with aging, and often results from problems with tissues surrounding the joint.
Symptoms :
- Sharp pain
- Dull, aching pain
- Decreased range of motion
- Warmth
- Swelling
- Redness
Causes :
- Osteoarthritis
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Psoriatic arthritis
- Sciatica
- Joint inflammation
- Dislocation
Headache & Migraine :
Headaches and migraines involve pain in any part of your head. Migraines are associated with more severe pain and seeing auras or visual disturbances. Migraine headaches are sometimes preceded by warning symptoms. Triggers include hormonal changes, certain food and drink, stress and exercise.
Migraine headaches can cause throbbing in one particular area that can vary in intensity.
causes :
- Concussions or other head trauma
- Stress or anxiety
- Dehydration
- Eating certain foods
- Taking some medications
Symptoms :
- Dull, aching pain
- Severe or throbbing pain
- Pain on just one side of your head
- Pain on both sides of the head
- Radiating pain
Fibromyalgia :
Fibromyalgia is characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain that is often accompanied by sleeping problems, chronic fatigue, and memory or mood issues. Women have a higher risk of developing fibromyalgia than men. There’s no cure for the condition, but numerous pain management solutions help control symptoms and restore your quality of life.
Symptoms :
- Sharp pain
- Dull, aching pain
- Decreased range of motion
- Warmth
- Swelling
- Redness
Causes :
- Osteoarthritis
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Psoriatic arthritis
- Sciatica
- Joint inflammation
- Dislocation
Disc Prolapse and Sciatica :
Sciatica is a chronic pain conditions in which the patient have pain in low back and buttock radiating down to the leg and toes. The pain is occurring due to inflammation in the sciatic nerve which is thickest nerve of the body and runs from back of the buttock till the leg. Usually the pain will be on one leg only but rarely there can be pain in both the legs. There is nerve compression or pinching occurring due to herniated disc or any bony spur compressing the nerve or due to spinal canal stenosis. The pain is dull aching pain or a shooting kind of pain may or may not be associated with tingling and numbness
Symptoms :
- Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs)
- Muscle Relaxants
- Corticosteroids
- Antineuropathics
- Antidepressants
Causes :
- Herniated lumbar disc
- Lumbar spinal stenosis
- Spondylolisthesis
- Lumbar degenerative disc disease
- Piriformis syndrome
Complex Regional Pain Syndrome :
Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a severely disabling condition that usually affects the limbs, after injury or surgery. The main symptoms are severe pain, swelling, loss of range of motion, temperature changes, and changes in the skin. Although CRPS can occur anywhere in the body, it usually affects an arm, leg, hand, or foot.
CRPS most often follows trauma, such as a fracture or amputation. Still, it can even occur after a minor injury, like a sprained ankle. In rare cases, CRPS appears spontaneously, without apparent cause. It is more likely to occur during times of increased emotional stress.
causes :
- Fractures
- Sprains/strains
- Lesser injuries such as burns or cuts
- Limb immobilization
- Very rare penetrations
Symptoms :
- Sensitivity to touch or cold
- Continuous burning or throbbing pain
- Changes in skin color
- Changes in skin texture
- Changes in hair and nail growth
Osteoarthritis of Knee Joint :
Osteoarthritis of the knee happens when the cartilage in your knee joint breaks down, enabling the bones to rub together. The friction makes your knees hurt, become stiff and sometimes swell. While osteoarthritis in the knee can’t be cured, there are many Procedure to slow its progress and ease your symptoms.
Symptoms :
- swelling
- feeling of warmth in the joint
- stiffness in the knee
- Decrease in mobility of the knee
- creaking
Procedure :
- Using pain medications
- Doing physical therapy
- Maintaining a healthy weight
- Using a knee brace
- Using orthotics such as insoles
Tennis elbow :
Tennis elbow is additionally known as Lateral epicondylitis. It is the aggravation of extensor ligaments that are appended to the horizontal epicondyle of the arm bone. It happens because of abuse of muscles and injury and is particularly found in Athletes. Agony and burning sensation on the external part of your elbow. Typically, the indications deteriorated with forearm movement.
causes :
- Shake hands or grip an object
- Burning or pain on your outer elbow
- Stiffness or pain
- Swollen elbow joint
- Weakened grip
Symptoms :
- Using plumbing tools
- Tennis
- Driving screws
- Racquetball
- Repetitive computer mouse use
- Cutting up cooking ingredients
Plantar Fasciatis :
It is the inflammation of the thick fascia in the sole called plantar fascia. Usually this fascia acts as a shock absorber and supports the arch of foot. Repetitive trauma or injury can lead to tear in this fascia leading to pain.
Symptoms :
- Pain on the bottom of the heel, or nearby.
- Increased pain after exercise
- Pain in the arch of the foot
- A swollen heel
- Pain that continues for months
causes :
- High impact sports like running, tennis, dance etc
- Exercising on hard surfaces
- High arches or flat feet
- Obesity
- Having a tight Achilles tendon or calf muscles
Trigeminal neuralgia :
Trigeminal neuralgia is a pain that involves one or more than one nerve trigeminal nerve division. The trigeminal nerve supplies sensation to the face. It is categorized into four types as per etiology i.e. idiopathic, secondary, atypical, and post-herpetic and two types as per clinical i.e. TN (CTN), mixed TN (MTN).
causes :
- A tumour
- damage caused by surgery including dental surgery
- Facial injury
- Multiple sclerosis
- Arteriovenous malformation
Symptoms :
- Numbness and/or a tingling sensation
- Short bursts of severe pain.
- Regular aches and pains
- Short-term jolts of pain
- A burning sensation all over one side of the face
Buergers disease :
Buergers disease is a rare disease of the arteries and veins in the arms and legs. In Buergers disease also called thromboangiitis obliterans your blood vessels become inflamed, swell and can become blocked with blood clots (thrombi).
This eventually damages or destroys skin tissues and may lead to infection and gangrene. Buergers disease usually first shows in your hands and feet and may eventually affect larger areas of your arms and legs.
Symptoms :
- Hand or foot pain
- Sores on toes or fingers
- Ankle, foot or leg pain when you walk
- Raynaud’s phenomenon
- Skin color or texture change
Procedure :
- Medications to dilate blood vessels, improve blood flow or dissolve blood clots.
- Intermittent compression of the arms and legs to increase blood flow to your extremities
- Amputation, if infection or gangrene occurs
Post herpetic neuralgia :
Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is the most common complication of shingles. If you’ve had chickenpox, you’ll always have the virus in your body. Sometimes the virus becomes active again, causing shingles followed by PHN. Vaccines can prevent both chickenpox and shingles. Pain-relieving medications can manage symptoms. For most people, PHN improves over time.
Symptoms :
- Burning, sharp, jagging or aching pain in the area where the shingles rash appeared.
- Itchiness or numbness at or near the area of the former rash.
- Pain gets worse at night or in heat or cold temperatures.
Endoscopic Discectomy :
Endoscopic discectomy, a common type of endoscopic spinal surgery, is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to remove herniated disc material that is causing pain in the lower back and legs (lumbar), mid back (thoracic), or neck and arms (cervical). Endoscopic discectomy is the least invasive and most effective surgical technique for treating spinal disc herniation patients. With endoscopic spine surgery, surgeons do not need to remove bones and muscles in order to remove herniated discs.
Benefits :
- Minimally invasive surgery
- Quick recovery time
- Minimal pain or discomfort following the surgery
- Immediate leg pain relief in most cases
Symptoms :
- weakness
- pain
- Tingling in the back area and in one of your legs
Trigeminal Nerve Block and Radio Frequency Ablation :
Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a neuropathic pain condition affecting the face. It has a significant impact on the quality of life and physical function of patients. Evidence suggests that the likely etiology is vascular compression of the trigeminal nerve leading to focal demyelination and aberrant neural discharge. Secondary causes such as multiple sclerosis or brain tumors can also produce symptomatic TN. Procedure must be individualized to each patient. Carbamazepine remains the drug of choice in the first-line Procedure of TN.
Precipitating factors :
- cold wind
- washing face
- chewing
- Eating cold food
Symptoms :
- Idiopathic
- Secondary causes– tumours or the demyelinating plaques
Lumber Sympathetic Plexus Block :
A lumbar sympathetic block is an injection of a local anesthetic that can help relieve chronic leg and foot pain caused by conditions such as complex regional pain syndrome, reflex sympathetic dystrophy, vascular insufficiency, and shingles. Medications are delivered to the sympathetic nerves – a cluster of nerve cell bodies – along the front side of the spine. The goal is to reduce pain so that you can resume normal activities and physical therapy.
Symptoms :
- Bleeding at the site of the injection
- Weakness or numbness in the legs
- Fever
- Severe pain
Vertebroplasty and Kyphoplasty :
Vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty are procedures used to treat painful vertebral compression fractures in the spinal column, which are a common result of osteoporosis. Your doctor may use imaging guidance to inject a cement mixture into the fractured bone (vertebroplasty) or insert a balloon into the fractured bone to create a space and then fill it with cement (kyphoplasty). Following vertebroplasty, about 75 percent of patients regain lost mobility and become more active.
Benefits :
- Vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty can increase a patient's functional abilities and allow return to the previous level of activity without any form of physical therapy or rehabilitation.
- Usually, vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty are safe and effective procedures.
- No surgical incision is necessary—only a small nick in the skin that does not need stitches.
Ultrasound-guided nerve blocks :
Ultrasound-guided nerve blocks (UGNBs) are a vital part of the multimodal approach to the Procedure of acute pain in the emergency department. The classic mono-modal approach, which has been the cornerstone of emergency medicine training, has been shown to produce inadvertent acute effects (hypotension, apnea, delirium, etc.) and chronic conditions (opioid addiction) as downstream consequences.
Causes :
- failure of the nerve block
- allergic reaction
- visual disturbance or loss of vision
- local anaesthetic toxicity
Symptoms :
- shooting facial
- Neck Pain
- shoulder pain
- Tinnitus
- vision changes
Radio frequency ablation :
Radiofrequency ablation is a procedure in which the nerves carrying the pain signals are treated with radiofrequency waves so that it will stop the transmission of the pain signals and hence patients will not perceive the pain.
advantages :
- long term pain relief
- minimally invasive
- works good in resistant pain where all other modes have failed.
- It can be done as day care procedure
Treated Conditions :
- Resistant knee pain
- Resistant hip joint pain
- Low back pain
- Trigeminal neuralgia
- Sacroiliac joint arthropathy
celiac plexus block :
A celiac plexus block is an injection of local anesthetic into or around the celiac plexus of nerves that surrounds the aorta, the main artery in the abdomen. Normally these nerves control basic nerve functions. In certain conditions, these nerves can carry pain information from the gut or abdominal organ tissues back to the spinal cord and brain.
Treated Conditions :
- Cholangiocarcinoma
- Recurrent abdominal pain
- Crohn's disease
- Gastrointestinal cancer
- Inflammatory bowel disease
Benefits :
- Pancreatitis
- Pancreatic Cancer
- Upper Abdominal Cancers
- Any chronic abdominal pain
- IBD
Lumber Facet Joint RF Ablation :
Lumbar Facet joints (also known as the Zygapophysial joints or Z-joints) are paired structures on both side of your spine that allows movement between two vertebrae. When a facet joints are strained (car accident, fall, injuries) ,degenerative changes settles in these joints or there is a shift between two vertebrae (spondylolisthesis) , the joints could become the source of back pain.
Procedure :
- Oral anti-inflammatory medications to help reduce pain and inflammation
- Physical therapy to help improve the strength and endurance of the muscles in the lumbar spine.
- Epidural steroid injections (ESIs) to help relieve some of the pain and discomfort of facet joint problems, by reducing inflammation.
